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Let X, Y, and Z denote the number of international students, in thousands, that Company U predicted would be studying...

GMAT Two Part Analysis : (TPA) Questions

Source: Official Guide
Two Part Analysis
Quant - Fitting Values
EASY
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Let \(\mathrm{X}\), \(\mathrm{Y}\), and \(\mathrm{Z}\) denote the number of international students, in thousands, that Company U predicted would be studying in the United States (US) during the school years 2014–2015, 2019–2020, and 2024–2025, respectively. The average (arithmetic mean) of \(\mathrm{X}\), \(\mathrm{Y}\), and \(\mathrm{Z}\) is \(1{,}128\), and \(\mathrm{Y} = 1{,}124\). Company U predicted that there would be more international students studying in the US during the 2024–2025 school year than during the 2014–2015 school year.

In the table, identify a value of X and a value of Z that are jointly consistent with the information provided. Make only two selections, one in each column.

X
Z

910

995

1,1175

1,350

1,435

Solution

Phase 1: Owning the Dataset

Visual Representation

Let's use a timeline to show the progression of international students:

2014-2015 -------- 2019-2020 -------- 2024-2025
    X                Y=1,124              Z
    ?                                     ?
    
    Constraint: Z > X (increasing trend)

Given Information

  • X = international students in 2014-2015 (in thousands)
  • Y = international students in 2019-2020 = 1,124 thousand
  • Z = international students in 2024-2025 (in thousands)
  • Average of X, Y, and Z = 1,128
  • Z > X (more students predicted in 2024-2025 than 2014-2015)

Phase 2: Understanding the Question

Key Mathematical Relationship

From the average formula:

  • \(\mathrm{(X + Y + Z) ÷ 3 = 1,128}\)
  • \(\mathrm{X + Y + Z = 3,384}\)
  • Substituting Y = 1,124: \(\mathrm{X + 1,124 + Z = 3,384}\)
  • Therefore: \(\mathrm{X + Z = 2,260}\)

Constraints Summary

We need to find X and Z such that:

  1. \(\mathrm{X + Z = 2,260}\)
  2. \(\mathrm{Z > X}\) (growth constraint)
  3. Both X and Z must be from the given choices

Phase 3: Finding the Answer

Systematic Check

Let's check each possible value for X:

If X = 910:

  • \(\mathrm{Z = 2,260 - 910 = 1,350}\)
  • Is 1,350 in our choices? Yes ✓
  • Is Z > X? Is 1,350 > 910? Yes ✓
  • Stop here - we found our answer

Our verification:

  • \(\mathrm{X + Z = 910 + 1,350 = 2,260}\)
  • \(\mathrm{Average = (910 + 1,124 + 1,350) ÷ 3 = 3,384 ÷ 3 = 1,128}\)
  • \(\mathrm{Z > X: 1,350 > 910}\)

Phase 4: Solution

Final Answer:

  • X = 910
  • Z = 1,350

These values satisfy all requirements: they sum to 2,260, maintain the average of 1,128, and show growth from 2014-2015 to 2024-2025.

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