For each of 20 days, the graph shows City K's maximum temperature, in degrees Celsius, and average (arithmetic mean) relative...
GMAT Graphics Interpretation : (GI) Questions
For each of 20 days, the graph shows City K's maximum temperature, in degrees Celsius, and average (arithmetic mean) relative humidity. A certain city activity was canceled for exactly two days, which are indicated by the black squares. The cancelation for one of those days was because the average relative humidity and maximum temperature were too high to safely conduct the activity, and the other cancelation was because of a rain storm.
From each drop-down menu, select the option that creates the most accurate statement based on the information given.
Owning the Dataset
Table 1: Text Analysis
| Text Component | Literal Content | Simple Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| Dataset Description | For each of 20 days, the graph shows City K's maximum temperature, in degrees Celsius, and average (arithmetic mean) relative humidity. | Each of the 20 points represents a single day, recording maximum temperature \((°\mathrm{C})\) and average humidity \((\%)\) for City K. |
| Cancellations Identified | A certain city activity was canceled for exactly two days, which are indicated by the black squares. | There are two specific days (marked with black squares) when the activity was canceled. |
| Reason for First Cancellation | The cancelation for one of those days was because the average relative humidity and maximum temperature were too high to safely conduct the activity, | One cancellation occurred due to dangerously high temperature and humidity. |
| Reason for Second Cancellation | and the other cancelation was because of a rain storm. | The other cancellation was due to a rainstorm rather than temperature/humidity. |
Table 2: Chart Analysis
| Chart Element | Description | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| Chart Style | Scatter plot; two marker types | Data is presented as coordinate pairs; marker type gives extra info. |
| X-Axis | Temperature \((°\mathrm{C})\), \(15\) to \(33\) | Weather ranged from cool \((15°\mathrm{C})\) to hot \((33°\mathrm{C})\). |
| Y-Axis | Relative Humidity \((\%)\), \(0\) to \(100\) | Full spectrum of humidity measured. |
| Regular Days | \(18\) blue diamonds | These represent normal days with activity held. |
| Cancellation Days | \(2\) black squares at \(\sim 21°\mathrm{C}\), \(30\%\) and \(\sim 31°\mathrm{C}\), \(89\%\) | Days with canceled activity; one cool/dry, one very hot/humid. |
| Overall Pattern | Negative correlation between temperature and humidity | As temperature rises, humidity tends to fall on most days. |
Key Insights
The two days of cancellation have very different weather: one is extremely hot and humid \((31°\mathrm{C}, 89\%)\), likely canceled for safety/heat), and one is cooler and drier \((21°\mathrm{C}, 30\%)\), likely the rainstorm). Regular activity days avoid these extremes and tend to cluster in moderate ranges, showing that cancellations occurred only during atypical weather events.
Step-by-Step Solution
Question 1: Maximum Temperature on High Heat/Humidity Cancellation Day
Complete Statement:
The day the city activity was canceled because the average relative humidity and maximum temperature were too high to safely conduct the activity was on a day with a maximum temperature of ___ degrees Celsius.
Breaking Down the Statement
- Statement Breakdown 1:
- Key Phrase: canceled because the average relative humidity and maximum temperature were too high
- Meaning: The day was canceled due to a hazardous combination of both high temperature and high humidity.
- Relation to Chart: On the chart, this should correspond to the black square that has the highest values for both maximum temperature (x-axis) and relative humidity (y-axis).
- Important Implications: Among the two black squares (cancellations), this is the one at the top right: high temperature and high humidity.
- Statement Breakdown 2:
- Key Phrase: maximum temperature of ___ degrees Celsius
- Meaning: We are asked to find the temperature (x-value) for the relevant cancellation.
- Relation to Chart: Once we locate the correct black square (for heat/humidity), we read its x-axis value.
- Important Implications: The answer must match one of the provided temperature answer choices.
- What is needed: The maximum temperature on the day the activity was canceled due to high heat and humidity.
Solution:
- Condensed Solution Implementation:
Identify which black square represents the day with both the highest temperature and highest humidity, then read its x-axis value. - Necessary Data points:
There are two black squares on the chart, one at approximately \((31°\mathrm{C}, 89\%)\) and one at \((21°\mathrm{C}, 30\%)\).- Calculations Estimations:
The black square at \((31°\mathrm{C}, 89\%)\) has the highest temperature and humidity, so this is the heat/humidity cancellation. - Comparison to Answer Choices:
Among the answer choices, \(31\) matches the temperature of this day exactly.
- Calculations Estimations:
FINAL ANSWER Blank 1: 31
Question 2: Average Relative Humidity on Rain Storm Cancellation Day
Complete Statement:
The day the city activity was canceled because of a rain storm was on a day with an average relative humidity of ___ %.
Breaking Down the Statement
- Statement Breakdown 1:
- Key Phrase: canceled because of a rain storm
- Meaning: This cancellation is due to weather, but specifically rain, not heat.
- Relation to Chart: It's the remaining black square after identifying the heat/humidity cancellation.
- Statement Breakdown 2:
- Key Phrase: average relative humidity of ___ %
- Meaning: We are asked for the humidity (y-axis value) on that cancellation day.
- Relation to Chart: Read the y-axis value (average relative humidity) for the black square representing the rain storm day.
- What is needed: The average relative humidity on the day the activity was canceled due to a rain storm.
Solution:
- Condensed Solution Implementation:
After matching the \((31°\mathrm{C}, 89\%)\) black square to the first cancellation, the remaining black square \((21°\mathrm{C}, 30\%)\) must be the rain storm cancellation. Read its y-axis value. - Necessary Data points:
The other black square is at \((21°\mathrm{C}, 30\%)\). Its y-axis value is the average relative humidity.- Calculations Estimations:
The humidity here is \(30\%\). - Comparison to Answer Choices:
Among the answer choices, \(30\) matches the observed value.
- Calculations Estimations:
FINAL ANSWER Blank 2: 30
Summary
By identifying which black square represents each cancellation, we found the heat/humidity day had a maximum temperature of \(31°\mathrm{C}\) and the rain storm day had an average relative humidity of \(30\%\). These answers match the available options.
Question Independence Analysis
Question 2 is dependent on correctly answering Question 1: once the heat/humidity cancellation day is identified, the remaining black square is for the rain storm. Thus, the answers are linked.